{"id":42272,"date":"2018-09-10T07:00:58","date_gmt":"2018-09-10T14:00:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.olivetree.com\/?p=42272"},"modified":"2023-03-10T09:33:28","modified_gmt":"2023-03-10T17:33:28","slug":"the-meaning-of-instruments-in-psalms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/the-meaning-of-instruments-in-psalms\/","title":{"rendered":"The Meaning of Instruments in Psalms"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Psalm 150 talks about praising God with many different kinds of instruments that you may or may not find in your own church. The NIV Application Commentary<\/a> offers fantastic background to the meaning of instruments in Psalms. Read the excerpt below to learn for yourself!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3 <\/sup>Praise him with the sounding of the trumpet,<\/span><\/em>
praise him with the harp and lyre,<\/span><\/span><\/em>
4 <\/sup>praise him with timbrel and dancing,<\/span><\/em>
praise him with the strings and pipe,<\/span><\/span><\/em>
5 <\/sup>praise him with the clash of cymbals,<\/span><\/em>
praise him with resounding cymbals.<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>

\u2014Psalm 150:3-5<\/a><\/em><\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

OFFER PRAISE TO THE DIVINE KING<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

In verses 3\u20135 the psalmist declares that the praise of God as the great King begins in the context of celebratory worship. Even though the instruments listed in these verses were used in temple worship, their purpose has likely been expanded in Psalm 150.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As suggested below, the language and imagery used in these verses allude to \u201ceverything the biblical tradition knows about celebrating the appearance and majesty of a king, or a god-\u00adking.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus verses 3\u20135 do not comprise simply a call to make music before God; instead, they suggest that celebratory music and dancing are demonstrable evidences of the people\u2019s confession concerning the kingship of Yahweh.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

INSTRUMENTS IN PSALMS: THE TRUMPET<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The Hebrew term for \u201ctrumpet\u201d is shofar<\/em>, a term that makes its way into the English vocabulary as well (\u201cshofar<\/em>\u201d). Rather than being a polished brass instrument, the shofar is the horn of an animal and lacks any type of mouthpiece. Because the shofar<\/em> lacks a mouthpiece to govern sound, it is not designed to serve as a melodic instrument.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Instead, in the Old Testament world the shofar<\/em> was simply blown to signal that certain events were impending<\/strong>, including war (Josh 6:4\u201320<\/a>; Judg 3:27<\/a>) and festal events such as the Day of Atonement (Lev 25:9<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Exodus 19<\/a> the shofar<\/em> is sounded at Sinai to signal to the people the coming presence of Yahweh. In other words, the shofar<\/em> served as \u201cthe acoustic signal of the theophany\u201d of Yahweh, the Divine King. Similarly, the shofar<\/em> was used as a signal to announce God\u2019s royal rule (Pss 47:6<\/a>; 98:6<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

INSTRUMENTS IN PSALMS: THE HARP AND LYRE<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Both terms refer to stringed instruments, although the word for \u201charp,\u201d nebal<\/em>, is more difficult to identify with precision. It is possible that nebal<\/em> simply refers to a different type of lyre (a standing lyre versus a hand lyre).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The books of Chronicles explain that the harp and lyre were the instruments played by the Levites for temple music (cf. 1 Chr 15:16<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In addition to making music, these instruments were understood to have something of a \u201cnuminous effect.\u201d The playing of the harp and lyre drove the evil spirit out of Saul (1 Sam 19:9\u201310<\/a>), and according to 2 Chronicles 5<\/a>, the harp and lyre were played prior to the arrival of the glory of Yahweh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

INSTRUMENTS IN PSALMS: TIMBREL AND DANCING<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

As noted in the commentary on Psalm 149<\/a>, dancing and the playing of the timbrel can function in a proleptic, anticipatory sense.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Psalms 96<\/a> and 98<\/a> the making of music and dancing signaled \u201cthe inbreaking of the universal royal reign\u201d of Yahweh. Both psalms declare that Yahweh will judge the peoples of the earth and, in doing so, will restore the world to its right order under the reign of God.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As similarly in Psalm 149<\/a>, the call to dance and make music in Psalm 150<\/a> functions proleptically. The psalmist invites \u201ceverything that has breath\u201d to sing and dance before the Divine King<\/strong> in praise of who he is and in anticipation of what he will do.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

INSTRUMENTS IN PSALMS: CLASH OF CYMBALS<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Verse 5 mentions cymbals (tseltselim<\/em>) twice: \u201cclash of cymbals\u201d and \u201cresounding cymbals.\u201d The Hebrew could also be translated as \u201ccymbals of sound [shema<\/em>]\u201d and \u201ccymbals of a loud blast [teru\u2018ah<\/em>].\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

While the translation provided by the NIV attempts to be descriptive of their sounds, the alternative translation provided here attempts to capture their purpose. The word teru\u2018ah<\/em>, \u201cloud blast,\u201d has a considerable range of meaning, but included in that range is reference to a war cry that would have been shouted prior to battle. Such a cry would have accompanied the blowing of the shofar<\/em> (cf. Zeph 1:16<\/a>). Elsewhere the loud \u201cblast\u201d or shout was used in cultic settings (Lev 23:9<\/a>) to announce the great feast.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Additionally, the \u201cshout\u201d was lifted up in celebration of the coming of the Divine King (Pss 47:5<\/a>; 81:2<\/a>; 95:1<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thus, as John Goldingay explains, the first reference to cymbals (\u201ccymbals of sound\u201d) was meant to encourage \u201cthe people to listen to what is about to happen,\u201d and the second reference (\u201ccymbals of a loud blast\u201d) tells them that it is \u201ctime to shout in acclamation.\u201d Understood in this way, verse 5 does not imply the loud, frenetic clanging of cymbals<\/strong>, as might first be imagined, but instead may reflect the liturgical use of musical instruments to guide the people toward anticipatory worship and unfettered praise of their God<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

LEARN MORE<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n

This excerpt on instruments in Psalms is from the NIV Application Commentary<\/a>. It is the perfect balance of scholarly insights and real-life application. Learn more about this resource and add it to your library on our website<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
GET NIVAC TODAY<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Olive<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
\"Olive<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Psalm 150 talks about praising God with many different kinds of instruments that you may or may not find in your own church. The NIV Application Commentary offers fantastic background to the meaning of instruments in Psalms. Read the excerpt below to learn for yourself! 3 Praise him with the sounding of the trumpet,praise him with<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":49991,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5339],"tags":[5945],"class_list":{"0":"post-42272","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-old-testament-articles","8":"tag-niv-application-commentary"},"yoast_head":"\nThe Meaning of Instruments in Psalms - Olive Tree Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"There are many instruments in Psalms that you may or may not find in your own church. But what do they mean and how are they used? 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