{"id":55445,"date":"2024-11-01T07:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T14:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/?p=55445"},"modified":"2024-10-24T15:20:47","modified_gmt":"2024-10-24T22:20:47","slug":"jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\/","title":{"rendered":"Jonah\u2019s Anger at Yahweh\u2019s Compassion"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Would you be angry if God saved your fiercest enemies? Would it displease you if God showed mercy to them? As astonishing as that response would seem, that\u2019s exactly how Jonah responded when God spared the Ninevites from imminent judgment. This didn\u2019t take Jonah by surprise though as he seems to anticipate this act of God\u2019s mercy. Instead, it made him angry. However, God confronts Jonah\u2019s angry response to his compassion in the final scene of the book. Let\u2019s look at this fascinating chapter with some help from the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/store\/product.php?productid=45581\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Oxford Bible Commentary<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jonah 4:1\u20133<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u201cBut this was very displeasing to Jonah, and he became angry. He prayed to the Lord and said, \u2018O Lord! Is not this what I said while I was still in my own country? That is why I fled to Tarshish at the beginning, for I knew that you are a gracious and merciful God, slow to anger, abounding in steadfast love, and relenting from punishment. And now, O Lord, please take my life from me, for it is better for me to die than to live.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>This nationalism, however, has not yet been cured, for Jonah is hurt and angry at the non-fulfilment of his prediction (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A1-3&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vv. 1-3<\/a>) and, in a rebuke to his God reminiscent of Jeremiah\u2019s daring accusations (e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jer+20%3A7&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">20:7<\/a>), he claims that from the beginning he had known that God\u2019s proverbial compassion (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Ex+34%3A6-7&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ex 34:6\u20137<\/a>) detracted from his justice. Unfulfilled prophecy is a problem addressed by biblical writers in a number of places, but it is unwarranted to see it as the principal subject-matter of the book, the climax of which (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A11&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">4:11<\/a>) is about God\u2019s universal compassion. Like Elijah (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=1+Kgs+19%3A4&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1 Kings 19:4<\/a>) he prays for death, but his reasons are less noble than Elijah\u2019s, being marked by selfpity and petulance. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There is also a hint of sheer exhaustion in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A5&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v. 5<\/a>, which some have thought to transfer between <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A4&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3:4<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A5&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">5<\/a> as it suits that context well, whereas here it interrupts the narrative sequence (God himself is about to create a shelter for him, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A6&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v. 6<\/a>) and we have already been told (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+3%3A10&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">3:10<\/a>) what Jonah is here waiting to learn. No surviving manuscript or version makes the transposition, however, and if accepted it would be a copying error at a very early stage of the story\u2019s literary transmission.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Jonah 4:4\u201311<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>&#8220;And the Lord said, \u2018Is it right for you to be angry?\u2019 Then Jonah went out of the city and sat down east of the city and made a booth for himself there. He sat under it in the shade, waiting to see what would become of the city.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe Lord God appointed a bush and made it come up over Jonah, to give shade over his head, to save him from his discomfort, so Jonah was very happy about the bush. But when dawn came up the next day, God appointed a worm that attacked the bush, so that it withered. When the sun rose, God prepared a sultry east wind, and the sun beat down on the head of Jonah so that he was faint and asked that he might die. He said, \u2018It is better for me to die than to live.\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cBut God said to Jonah, \u2018Is it right for you to be angry about the bush?\u2019 And he said, \u2018Yes, angry enough to die.\u2019 Then the Lord said, \u2018You are concerned about the bush, for which you did not labor and which you did not grow; it came into being in a night and perished in a night. And should I not be concerned about Nineveh, that great city, in which there are more than a hundred and twenty thousand persons who do not know their right hand from their left and also many animals?\u2019\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<p>God, however, challenges Jonah to review his attitude (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A4&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v. 4<\/a>), and, being Lord both of the sea and of the dry land by Jonah\u2019s own admission (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+1%3A9&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1:9<\/a>), now uses the fruits of the dry land (\u2018a bush\u2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A6&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v. 6<\/a>, which translates a Heb. word of uncertain meaning, though attested in Assyrian also; and a worm, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A7&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v. 7<\/a>) as he had earlier used a creature of the sea, to teach Jonah a lesson. the lesson was that Jonah cared more about his pleasure in the sheltering plant which he had not cultivated than about God\u2019s concern for a huge city of people and their livestock which he had cared about for years (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A9-11&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">vv. 9-11<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>God\u2019s Mercy and Compassion<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As claimed for Assyrian kings (and attested on their building inscriptions), the Lord is the good shepherd of all his sheep, as the Hebrew kings themselves recognized (e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Ps+23&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ps 23<\/a>), and Jonah here, like Jesus\u2019 followers in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jn+10%3A16&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Jn 10:16<\/a>, needs to learn he has sheep in other folds also. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Their sin is born of ignorance (\u2018who do not know their right hand from their left\u2019, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Jonah+4%3A11&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">v. 11<\/a>), and their repentance was welcome to a merciful God. Such theology is also present in the NT (e.g. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Lk+23%3A34&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Lk 23:34<\/a> \u2018Father, forgive them; for they do not know what they are doing\u2019; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=1+Tim+1%3A13&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">1 Tim 1:13<\/a> \u2018I received mercy because I had acted ignorantly in unbelief\u2019), and implied in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Ezek+18%3A28&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Ezek 18:28<\/a> \u2018because they considered and turned away from all the transgressions that they had committed, they shall surely live; they shall not die\u2019, where the word \u2018considered\u2019 implies seeing the truth of the situation at last.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The prophet\u2019s task, as that of all God\u2019s people, is simply to speak his message wherever he may be sent. the outcome, so the book of Jonah is telling its readers, is God\u2019s responsibility, and his alone. As another Jewish writer with a similar theological problem was led to conclude, \u2018O the depth of the riches and wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are his judgements and how inscrutable his ways! \u201cFor who has known the mind of the Lord? Or who has been his counsellor?\u201d\u2019 (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Rom+11%3A33-34&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Rom 11:33-4<\/a>, cf. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/bible\/?query=Isa+40%3A13&amp;version=NASB\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Isa 40:13<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Get the Oxford Bible Commentary for the Olive Tree App<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"580\" src=\"http:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/OxfordBibleCommentarySocial-1024x580.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-52895\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/OxfordBibleCommentarySocial-1024x580.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/OxfordBibleCommentarySocial-300x170.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/OxfordBibleCommentarySocial-768x435.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/OxfordBibleCommentarySocial-1536x870.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>If you\u2019re looking for a critical commentary on the entire Bible including the Apocrypha, then look no further than the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/store\/product.php?productid=45581\">Oxford Bible Commentary<\/a>. This stunning work of biblical scholarship is an invaluable resource for studying the Bible in its historical context. Get your copy today through the link below!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-16018d1d wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-fill\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-white-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/store\/product.php?productid=45581\" style=\"background-color:#77aa3c\">OXFORD BIBLE COMMENTARY<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Would you be angry if God saved your fiercest enemies? Would it displease you if God showed mercy to them? As astonishing as that response would seem, that\u2019s exactly how Jonah responded when God spared the Ninevites from imminent judgment. This didn\u2019t take Jonah by surprise though as he seems to anticipate this act of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":55449,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[7849],"tags":[8571],"class_list":{"0":"post-55445","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-commentaries","8":"tag-oxford-bible-commentary"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v26.0 (Yoast SEO v27.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Jonah\u2019s Anger at Yahweh\u2019s Compassion - Olive Tree Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Jonah\u2019s Anger at Yahweh\u2019s Compassion\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Would you be angry if God saved your fiercest enemies? Would it displease you if God showed mercy to them? As astonishing as that response would seem,\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Olive Tree Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/OliveTreeBible\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-01T14:00:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.olivetree.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/abhishek-ajith-CrVf9oZwHcs-unsplash-scaled.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2560\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1707\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Brad Hoffman\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@OliveTreeBible\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@OliveTreeBible\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Brad Hoffman\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Brad Hoffman\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/staging-blog.olivetree.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/a5aa5788c774e9c21340b24cb3f5091b\"},\"headline\":\"Jonah\u2019s Anger at Yahweh\u2019s Compassion\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-11-01T14:00:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1053,\"commentCount\":1,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/10\\\/abhishek-ajith-CrVf9oZwHcs-unsplash-scaled.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Oxford Bible Commentary\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Commentaries\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.olivetree.com\\\/blog\\\/jonahs-anger-at-yahwehs-compassion\\\/\",\"name\":\"Jonah\u2019s Anger at Yahweh\u2019s Compassion - 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